Comparison of the new version of DEEC protocol to extend WSN lifetime

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used in many different fields. One of the most recent and rapidly expanding applications is Internet Things (IoT), which enables connectivity numerous objects or devices over Internet. However, WSNs have a bigger concern about battery power than mobile ad hoc networks, shortens network's lifetime. As result, extensive research has been done on lowering WSNs' energy usage. Designing hierarchical clustering algorithm one methods for consumption WSNs. Given restricted hardware capabilities nodes, modeling building energy-efficient routing solutions to enhance overall network lifetime emerged as crucial approaches wireless networks. Cluster-based heterogeneous protocols, typical feature technology, demonstrated efficacy managing topology, consumption, data collection fusion, dependability, stability distributed The existing Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEEC) protocol changed this study by switching level between nodes adding threshold limit cluster head selection. number packets sent base station increases 843% when comparing proposed improved DEEC protocol, increasing living more 10,000 rounds, 30,000 can be extend WSN suggested outperforms alternative protocols terms period under various scenarios area, energy, node density.